These hormones in turn stimulate the growth of several ovarian follicles, each containing one egg. Therefore, the pituitary secretes FSH and LH, a process which actually begins before the onset of your menses. The first day of menses is identified as cycle day one. The ovary undergoes a constant process of egg depletion throughout its lifetime.Īs the levels of FSH and LH in the blood increase with puberty, the eggs begin to mature and a collection of fluid - the follicle - begins to develop around each one. This process of egg loss occurs at all times, including before birth, before puberty and while on birth control pills. These eggs are constantly undergoing a process of development and loss. At birth, the ovaries contain several million immature eggs. The main function of the ovaries is the production of eggs and hormones. Leutinizing hormone (LH), the other reproductive pituitary hormone, aids in egg maturation and provides the hormonal trigger to cause ovulation and the release of eggs from the ovary. GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to produce follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), the hormone responsible for starting follicle (egg) development and causing the level of estrogen, the primary female hormone, to rise. It is released in a rhythmic fashion every 60 to 120 minutes. The most important hormone for reproduction is called gonadotropin releasing hormone, better known as GnRH. Several neuroendocrine agents, or hormones, are produced by the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is located centrally in the brain and communicates by way of an exchange of blood with the pituitary gland. Hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, the pituitary and the ovary are the messengers that regulate the monthly cycle. The female reproductive system is a wonderfully complex system involving continuous communication between the brain centers and the ovary.
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